Terms

Terminology

This page gives a categorized view of some the terminology we use. Required terms for Dan levels are indicated with the level number (1st or 2nd). Alternate names are listed within parentheses.

Stances (Dachi)

 

 

Japanese

English

2nd

Chinto Dachi

Parallel Forward-Angle Side Stance

1st

Gyaku Neeko Ashi Dachi

Reverse Cat Stance used in the Step up Urachen Stance in Yondan

 

Gyaku Neeko Ashi Kokutsa Dachi

Dropping with back heel up kakutsa dachi stances in Kusanku

 

Hachiji Dachi (Shizentai Dachi)

Natural Stance – Shoulder Width, Toes Outward

1st

Hamni Dachi (Jun-tsuki No Tsukomi Dachi)

Lunge Stance

1st

Heiko Dachi

Ready Stance – Toes Parallel

1st

Heisoku Dachi

Informal Bowing Stance – Toes Closed

1st

Kakutsa Dachi

Back Stance

1st

Kamae Dachi

Fighting Stance

1st

Kiba Dachi

Parallel Horse Stance

 

Koshi Dachi

Balls of Both Feet Stance used after jump in Godan

 

Mahanmi Neeko Ashi Dachi

Side Facing, Long Cat Stance

 

Mashomen Neeko Ashi Dachi

Front Facing, Short Cat Stance

1st

Masuba Dachi

Formal Bowing Stance – Toes Open

1st

Naihanchi Dachi

Inward Circular Stance

1st

Naname Zenkutsa Dachi (Gyaku-tsuki No Tsukomi Dachi)

Diagonal Forward Stance used in Gyaku-tsuki No Tsukomi

1st

Neeko Ashi Dachi

Generic Cat Stance

1st

Neeko Dachi

Flat Cat Stance

2nd

Sagi Ashi Dachi (Tsuri Ashi Dachi)

One Legged Crane Stance used in Chinto

2nd

Sanchin Dachi

Hourglass Stance used in Seisan

1st

Seisan Dachi

Wide Forward Stance

1st

Sheeko Dachi

Outward Circular Stance

2nd

Tata Seisan Dachi (Fudo Dachi)

Reverse Immovable Stance

 

Teiji Dachi

T Stance

1st

Zenkutsa Dachi (Jun-tsuki Dachi)

Forward Stance

 

Blocks (Uke)

 

 

Japanese

English

 

Chudan Uke

Middle Block (2nd block of Kihon #5)

1st

Empi Uke (Hiji Uke)

Elbow Block

 

Gaiwan Uke

Downward Forearm Block

1st

Gedan Uke

Low Seikan Block

 

Haishu Uke

‘Goose-Neck’ Block with back of open hand

1st

Jodan Uke

High Seikan Block

 

Kosa Uke (Juji Uke)

X Block

 

Morote Soe Uke

Double Augmented Forward Block found in Shodan & Godan

 

Nagasha Uke

Slip Block found in Kihons

 

Sasae Uke

Supported ‘Prayer’ Block – One Hand Shooto, One Hand Seikan like the start of Jion and Passai

1st

Shooto Uke

Open Hand Block

1st

Soto Uke

Middle Seikan Block

 

Tae Soto Uke

Tae Uke/Soto Uke combination supporting block found in Godan & Jion

 

Tae Uke

Arm across chest parallel to floor used in Yondan, Godan, Naihanchi

1st

Ude Uke

Inward Moving Block found in Yondan after the urachen and body twist

 

Punches (-tsuki)

 

 

Japanese

English

1st

Gyaku -tsuki

Reverse Punch

1st

Gyaku -tsuki No Tsukomi

Reverse Lunge Punch

1st

Jun-tsuki

Forward Punch

1st

Jun-tsuki No Tsukomi

Forward Lunge Punch

 

Kake -tsuki

Hook Punch found in the middle of Jion

 

Morote -tsuki

Double Side Punches in the ending of Jion and Naihanchi

 

Tomoe -tsuki

Double Front Punches found in Jutte

 

Ura -tsuki

Uppercut Punch

 

Zu tsuki

Headbutt

 

Hand/Arm Strikes

 

 

Japanese

English

1st

Empi (Hiji)

Elbow Strike

 

Haishu

Strike with back of the hand

1st

Haito

Ridge Hand Strike

 

Hikite

Back Elbow Position Strike

 

Hirate, (Kaisho)

Slap

1st

Ippon Nukite

One Finger Strike

 

Jime

Choke

 

Nodo Tsukami

Throat Grab

1st

Shooto

Open Hand Chop Strike

1st

Shotei

Palm Heel Strike

1st

Tatei

Short Vertical Strike

1st

Tetsui, (Teisho)

Hammerfist Strike

1st

Ura ken

Backfist Strike

1st

Yohan (Nukite)

Four Finger Spearhand Strike

 

Kicks (Geris)

 

 

Japanese

English

2nd

Hiza Geri

Knee Kick

 

Kakato Geri

Axe Kick

 

Kake Geri

Hook Kick

 

Kinteki Geri

Groin Kick

1st

Mae Ashi Geri

Roundhouse Kick

1st

Mae Geri

Front Kick

1st

Mae Tobi Geri

Jumping Kick

 

Mawata Geri

Spinning Kick

 

Mika-tsuki Geri

Crescent Kick

 

Nami Gaeshi

'Returning Wave' kick – Upward foot sweeps found in Naihanchi

 

Ushiro Geri

Back Kick

1st

Yoko Geri (Sokuto Geri)

Side Kick

 

Miscellaneous Karate Terms

 

 

Japanese

English

 

Age

Rising

 

Ago

Chin

 

Arigato

Thank You

 

Ashi

Leg

 

Atemi

Striking used with throws

 

Barai

Sweep

 

Budo

Martial Arts

 

Bunkai

Self Defense Techniques Hidden within Kata

 

Chudan

Middle Area

1st

Dachi

Stance

 

Dai Sempai

Elevated Senior Student

1st

Dan

Black Belt Level

1st

Dojo

Training Hall

1st

Empi

Elbow

1st

Gedan

Lower

1st

Geri, (Keta)

Kick

1st

Gi

Uniform

 

Goshin Waza

Self Defense Techniques

1st

Gyaku

Reverse

 

Hadari

Left

 

Hai

Yes

1st

Hajime

Begin

 

Hanmi

45° Angle Facing

 

Hanshi

Master Teacher of Masters

1st

Hiza

Knee

1st

Jodan

Upper

 

Kakato

Heel

1st

Karate

Empty Hand

 

Karateka

Student

1st

Kata

Form

 

Keage

Snap

 

Kekomi

Thrust

1st

Kiai

Focused Yell

1st

Kihon

Basic

 

Kinteki

Groin

1st

Kiso

Fundamental

 

Kohai

Junior Student – Kyu Rank

1st

Koshi

1. Hips 2. Ball of the foot

1st

Kumite

Sparring

 

Kyoshi

Accomplished Instructor

 

Kyu

Grade

 

Maai

Distance

1st

Mae

Front

 

Mahanmi

Side Facing

 

Mashomen

Front Facing

1st

Ma-tei

Stop

1st

Mawata

Turn

 

Meijin

Wise One, or Highest Title given to Otsuka Sensei

 

Migi

Right

 

Morote, (Sayu)

Double

 

Mudansha

Person holding a Kyu rank

 

Nage Waza

Throwing and Takedown techniques

 

Naname

Diagonal

1st

Naorei

Command to move from ready to bowing stance

 

Nodo

Throat

 

Nukite

Strike

1st

Obi

Belt

1st

Otaga Ni Rei

Bow to yourself and your fellow classmates

1st

Rei

Bow

1st

Renraku

Combination

 

Renshi

Polished Instructor

 

Ryu

Style

 

Seikan

Fist

 

Seiretsu

Line Up

1st

Seiza

Seated Kneeling Position

1st

Sempai

Senior Student – Dan Rank

1st

Sensei

Teacher

 

Shihan

Master Instructor

1st

Shomen Ni Rei

Bow for Flag and Country

 

Sokuto

Blade edge of foot

1st

Soto

Outside

 

Tachi Rei

Standing Bow

 

Tai Sabaki

Body Shifts

 

Tomoe

1. Circular 2. Stomach

1st

Tori

Attacker

1st

Tsuki

Punch/Strike

 

Tuite

Grappling

 

Uchi

1. Inside 2. Strike

1st

Uke

1. Block/Receive 2. Defender

 

Ushiro

Back

1st

Wado

Way of Peace and Harmony

 

Waza

Technique

1st

Yame

Assume ending ready position

1st

Yoi

Assume beginning ready position

1st

Yoko

Side

 

Yudansha

Person holding a Dan rank

1st

Zanshin

Awareness

 

Miscellaneous Jiujitsu Terms

 

Japanese

English

Atemi

Striking used with throws

Barai

Sweeping

Gaeshi

Locking

Gatami

Arm Bar

Jime

Choking

Kyoshu

Pressure Point Striking

Nage

Throwing

Tsukami

Grabbing

Tuite

Grappling

Ukemi

Falling

 

Directions

 

Japanese

English

Age

Rising

Chudan

Middle

Gedan

Lower

Hadari

Left

Jodan

Upper

Mae

Front

Mawata

Spinning/Turning

Migi

Right

Naname

Diagonal

Oroshi

Descending

Soto

Outside

Uchi

Inside

Ushiro

Back

Yoko

Side

 

Counting

 

Japanese

English

Ichi (Sho)

One

Ni

Two

San

Three

Chi (Yon)

Four

Go

Five

Roku

Six

Sichi (Nana)

Seven

Hachi

Eight

Ku

Nine

Ju

Ten

Ju Ichi Ichi -

Ju Ichi Ku

11 - 19

Ju Ni Ichi -

Ju Ni Ku

20 - 21

Ju San Ichi -

Ju San Ku

30 - 31

etc.

etc.

etc.

Ju Ku Ichi -

Ju Ku Ku

90 - 99

Haiku

100

 

Body Parts

Head – Atama, Zu

 

Japanese

English

Ago

Chin

Hana

Nose

Kami

Hair

Kao

Face

Kasumi

Temple

Kubi

Neck

Kuchi

Mouth

Me

Eye

Mimi

Ear

Nodo

Throat

 

Arm – Wan

 

Japanese

English

Empi, Hiji

Elbow

Gaiwan

Outer arm

Naiwan

Inner arm

Ude

Fore arm

 

Hand – Te

 

Japanese

English

Haishu

Back hand

Haito

Inner hand edge

Ippon ken

One-Knuckle fist

Ken

Fist

Seiken

Fore fist

Shooto

Outer hand edge

Shotei, Teisho

Palm heel

Tekubi

Wrist

Tettsui

Hammer fist

Ura ken

Back fist

Yohan, Hirate (depending on direction)

Open hand

Yubi

Finger

 

Body – Tai

 

Japanese

English

Hara, Tomoe

Stomach

Kata

Shoulder

Kinteki

Groin

Koshi

Hips

Mune

Chest

Rokkotsu

Rib

Sebone

Spine

Shiri

Buttocks

 

Legs/Feet – Ashi

 

Japanese

English

Ashi Kubi

Ankle

Ashi Yubi

Toe

Heisoku

Top or Instep

Hiza

Knee

Kakato

Heel

Koshi

Ball

Sokuto

Outer edge

Teisoku

Bottom

 

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